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Basics of Computer Programming and Structures

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hasini gunda

What were the first computers programmed using?

Machine language

Which of the following is a high-level programming language?

Python

What is a data structure?

A way to store and organize data

Who is known as the father of Computers?

Charles Babbage

What is considered the brain of the computer?

Central Processing Unit

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an algorithm?

I.Q.C

What is the full form of CPU?

Central Processing Unit

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Description

Explore fundamental concepts in computer programming, including languages, data structures, and key figures in computing history, such as the father of computers and the role of the CPU.

Questions

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1. What is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a computer?

A To control peripheral devices B To execute instructions and process data C To provide power to the computer D To store data permanently

2. Which programming language is known for its use in web development and is often associated with the term 'frontend'?

A Python B JavaScript C Java D C++

3. What is the main purpose of an operating system (OS) in a computer?

A To design software applications B To compile programs C To connect to the internet D To manage hardware and software resources

4. Which data structure uses a Last In, First Out (LIFO) method for accessing elements?

A Queue B Linked List C Array D Stack

5. What does RAM stand for in computer terminology?

A Readily Available Memory B Rapid Access Module C Read Access Memory D Random Access Memory

6. What is the main advantage of using a high-level programming language?

A Faster execution B Lower memory usage C Easier to read and write D Direct hardware control

7. Which component is responsible for executing instructions in a computer?

A Input/Output Unit B Control Unit C Central Processing Unit (CPU) D Memory

8. What does an algorithm need to be considered effective?

A It must produce the correct output B It must use minimal memory C It must run in constant time D It must be written in a high-level language

9. Which of the following is an example of a data structure?

A Protocol B Operating System C Array D Compiler

10. Who is known as the father of the World Wide Web?

A Mark Zuckerberg B Steve Jobs C Tim Berners-Lee D Bill Gates

Study Notes

Overview of Computer Fundamentals

This document provides a concise overview of essential concepts in computer fundamentals, including programming languages, data structures, historical contributions, and the role of the CPU. Understanding these elements is crucial for grasping how computers function and how to effectively utilize them.

Programming Languages

  • Early computers were programmed using machine language, which is the most basic form of programming.
  • High-level programming languages like Python and COBOL have been developed to simplify coding tasks, making programming more accessible.

Data Structures

  • Data structures are methods for storing and organizing data efficiently within a program.
  • They enable better management and access to information, which is vital for effective software development.

Historical Contributions

  • Charles Babbage is often referred to as the "father of computers" due to his pioneering work in designing early mechanical computing devices.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

  • The CPU acts as the brain of a computer; it performs calculations and processes instructions necessary for running programs.

Characteristics of Algorithms

  • Algorithms must possess specific characteristics: they should be finite (having a clear end), definite (clearly defined steps), and effective (capable of being executed).

Key Takeaways

  1. Understanding programming languages ranges from low-level machine language to high-level languages that enhance coding efficiency.
  2. Effective data organization through data structures is fundamental for managing information in software applications.
  3. Recognizing historical figures like Charles Babbage helps contextualize modern computing advancements.

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